Did PFAS Disqualify Olympians?

March 18, 2026

By Noelle DeStefano, National PFAS Sector Lead

People watch the Olympics for different reasons. The sport itself, the success stories, the drama (hello, public relationship confessions), and the "who is this and why are they suddenly unstoppable?" moments.

It’s mostly the drama for me.

But ever since the Milano-Cortina Games, I have not been able to stop thinking about an unexpected storyline : athletes getting disqualified after fluorinated wax residues linked to PFAS were detected on their skis or boards.

 

What happened at the Milano-Cortina Winter Olympics

During the Milano-Cortina Winter Olympics, several athletes were disqualified after equipment checks detected fluorinated residues on skis or boards. This was not the traditional doping story we’re used to hearing. It was an equipment compliance issue tied to the FIS (International Ski and Snowboard Federation) fluoro-wax ban, which took effect starting in the 2023-24 season.

Here is the nuance most headlines did not include. The on-site check is a field screening test. It can tell you there is fluorinated residue above a threshold, but it is not a lab test that identifies specific PFAS compounds or reports a concentration in the way a lab method would.

That does not mean the system is sloppy. FIS has put solid structure around it, with defined thresholds, multi-point measurements, and verification steps designed to reduce bad calls. FIS has also described using pre-tests at events to help teams identify contamination and clean tools before it becomes a disqualification.

Even with that structure, the Olympic spotlight compresses a nuanced compliance system into a single public headline: disqualified.

 

My take on the situation

Let me say this clearly : I am all for regulating PFAS. These chemicals persist, they spread, and occupational exposure in wax rooms is a concern. The sport should be cleaner.

But regulation only works when implementation is clear, workable, and trusted. It also has to earn public buy-in. If enforcement looks arbitrary to the public, the backlash doesn’t just affect the sport. It spills into the broader PFAS conversation and gets translated into "this is overreach," even when the environmental goal is sound.

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Did the athletes do it on purpose?

Here’s the hard part: there’s no way for me to confirm intent from thousands of miles away, and, frankly, neither can the public.

But two things can be true at the same time.

First, some athletes will take risks for competitive advantage. Fluoro-wax historically offered a meaningful edge in certain conditions, so the incentive exists.

Second, contamination is real. In a tuning and waxing environment, transfer pathways are everywhere: shared benches and brushes, old wax dust, storage bags, and tools that touched legacy products weeks ago. FIS itself has described cases where a contaminated tool (not the wax itself) was the likely source.

So a positive finding does not automatically tell a clean story about intent.

If someone knowingly used banned wax for advantage, enforce it. A fair enforcement system also has to be robust to contamination realities and unequal resources, especially when the stakes are "your Olympic moment."

But when the stakes are that high, the process has to be crystal clear and genuinely workable for everyone.

 

What makes PFAS enforcement stick

This is not an argument against the ban, but an argument for making PFAS controls durable.

When highly visible enforcement feels confusing, uneven, or impossible to comply with, the conversation quickly goes from "how do we make this work?" to "is this even reasonable?" That shift is how good environmental policy loses public trust.

Rather than litigating the details of any individual disqualification (which the public often cannot fully see), it helps to ask a simpler question.

So what does durable enforcement look like?

Here are the ingredients that make a phaseout credible and sustainable.

  1. Make compliance practical and predictable: If screening is part of the rule, teams need clear logistics and enough access to verify equipment before results are on the line. The goal is to minimize surprise failures and make the system feel workable, not like a gotcha.
  2. Be explicit about what happens after a pre-start fail: If a ski or board fails screening before the start, publish a consistent pathway teams can rely on: clean, re-wax with approved products, swap equipment, then re-test before competition. If it fails again, the disqualification is truly defensible.
  1. Plain-language transparency for the public: Most viewers hear "positive" and assume cheating. Explain what is being detected, what the decision rules are, and what safeguards exist. The clearer this is, the harder it is for the entire PFAS effort to get mislabeled as overreach.

 

Bottom line

PFAS stewardship matters. But so does public buy-in.

Keep the bans. Expand the rules. Build the kind of implementation that stays defensible when it ends up on the front page.

Because it will end up on the front page. Might as well be ready.

 

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Sources

The Weather Channel: “A New Kind Of Olympic Rule: How Environmental Safety Just Got Athletes Disqualified”

Grist: “The Olympics just saw its first ‘forever chemical’ disqualifications”

Chemistry World: “PFAS waxes found on skis and snowboards lead to three Olympic disqualifications”

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